From 4f7d4804234f5515a4dded8b05d9568653b7ae3c Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Thibaut Horel <thibaut.horel@gmail.com>
Date: Fri, 24 Oct 2014 12:32:08 -0400
Subject: Add paper

---
 paper/sig-alternate.tex | 418 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 1 file changed, 418 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 paper/sig-alternate.tex

(limited to 'paper/sig-alternate.tex')

diff --git a/paper/sig-alternate.tex b/paper/sig-alternate.tex
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..623b0f9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/paper/sig-alternate.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,418 @@
+\documentclass{sig-alternate}
+
+\begin{document}
+\conferenceinfo{WOODSTOCK}{'97 El Paso, Texas USA}
+\title{Alternate {\ttlit ACM} SIG Proceedings Paper in LaTeX
+Format\titlenote{(Produces the permission block, and
+copyright information). For use with
+SIG-ALTERNATE.CLS. Supported by ACM.}}
+
+\numberofauthors{2}
+\alignauthor
+Ben Trovato\titlenote{Dr.~Trovato insisted his name be first.}\\
+       \affaddr{Institute for Clarity in Documentation}\\
+       \affaddr{1932 Wallamaloo Lane}\\
+       \affaddr{Wallamaloo, New Zealand}\\
+       \email{trovato@corporation.com}
+\alignauthor
+G.K.M. Tobin\titlenote{The secretary disavows
+any knowledge of this author's actions.}\\
+       \affaddr{Institute for Clarity in Documentation}\\
+       \affaddr{P.O. Box 1212}\\
+       \affaddr{Dublin, Ohio 43017-6221}\\
+       \email{webmaster@marysville-ohio.com}
+}
+\date{30 July 1999}
+
+\maketitle
+\begin{abstract}
+\end{abstract}
+
+\category{H.4}{Information Systems Applications}{Miscellaneous}
+\category{D.2.8}{Software Engineering}{Metrics}[complexity measures, performance measures]
+\terms{Theory}
+\keywords{ACM proceedings, \LaTeX, text tagging}
+
+\section{Introduction}
+The \textit{proceedings} are the records of a conference.
+ACM seeks to give these conference by-products a uniform,
+high-quality appearance.  To do this, ACM has some rigid
+requirements for the format of the proceedings documents: there
+is a specified format (balanced  double columns), a specified
+set of fonts (Arial or Helvetica and Times Roman) in
+certain specified sizes (for instance, 9 point for body copy),
+a specified live area (18 $\times$ 23.5 cm [7" $\times$ 9.25"]) centered on
+the page, specified size of margins (1.9 cm [0.75"]) top, (2.54 cm [1"]) bottom
+and (1.9 cm [.75"]) left and right; specified column width
+(8.45 cm [3.33"]) and gutter size (.83 cm [.33"]).
+
+The good news is, with only a handful of manual
+settings\footnote{Two of these, the {\texttt{\char'134 numberofauthors}}
+and {\texttt{\char'134 alignauthor}} commands, you have
+already used; another, {\texttt{\char'134 balancecolumns}}, will
+be used in your very last run of \LaTeX\ to ensure
+balanced column heights on the last page.}, the \LaTeX\ document
+class file handles all of this for you.
+
+The remainder of this document is concerned with showing, in
+the context of an ``actual'' document, the \LaTeX\ commands
+specifically available for denoting the structure of a
+proceedings paper, rather than with giving rigorous descriptions
+or explanations of such commands.
+
+\section{The {\secit Body} of The Paper}
+Typically, the body of a paper is organized
+into a hierarchical structure, with numbered or unnumbered
+headings for sections, subsections, sub-subsections, and even
+smaller sections.  The command \texttt{{\char'134}section} that
+precedes this paragraph is part of such a
+hierarchy.\footnote{This is the second footnote.  It
+starts a series of three footnotes that add nothing
+informational, but just give an idea of how footnotes work
+and look. It is a wordy one, just so you see
+how a longish one plays out.} \LaTeX\ handles the numbering
+and placement of these headings for you, when you use
+the appropriate heading commands around the titles
+of the headings.  If you want a sub-subsection or
+smaller part to be unnumbered in your output, simply append an
+asterisk to the command name.  Examples of both
+numbered and unnumbered headings will appear throughout the
+balance of this sample document.
+
+Because the entire article is contained in
+the \textbf{document} environment, you can indicate the
+start of a new paragraph with a blank line in your
+input file; that is why this sentence forms a separate paragraph.
+
+\subsection{Type Changes and {\subsecit Special} Characters}
+We have already seen several typeface changes in this sample.  You
+can indicate italicized words or phrases in your text with
+the command \texttt{{\char'134}textit}; emboldening with the
+command \texttt{{\char'134}textbf}
+and typewriter-style (for instance, for computer code) with
+\texttt{{\char'134}texttt}.  But remember, you do not
+have to indicate typestyle changes when such changes are
+part of the \textit{structural} elements of your
+article; for instance, the heading of this subsection will
+be in a sans serif\footnote{A third footnote, here.
+Let's make this a rather short one to
+see how it looks.} typeface, but that is handled by the
+document class file. Take care with the use
+of\footnote{A fourth, and last, footnote.}
+the curly braces in typeface changes; they mark
+the beginning and end of
+the text that is to be in the different typeface.
+
+You can use whatever symbols, accented characters, or
+non-English characters you need anywhere in your document;
+you can find a complete list of what is
+available in the \textit{\LaTeX\
+User's Guide}\cite{Lamport:LaTeX}.
+
+\subsection{Math Equations}
+You may want to display math equations in three distinct styles:
+inline, numbered or non-numbered display.  Each of
+the three are discussed in the next sections.
+
+\subsubsection{Inline (In-text) Equations}
+A formula that appears in the running text is called an
+inline or in-text formula.  It is produced by the
+\textbf{math} environment, which can be
+invoked with the usual \texttt{{\char'134}begin. . .{\char'134}end}
+construction or with the short form \texttt{\$. . .\$}. You
+can use any of the symbols and structures,
+from $\alpha$ to $\omega$, available in
+\LaTeX\cite{Lamport:LaTeX}; this section will simply show a
+few examples of in-text equations in context. Notice how
+this equation: \begin{math}\lim_{n\rightarrow \infty}x=0\end{math},
+set here in in-line math style, looks slightly different when
+set in display style.  (See next section).
+
+\subsubsection{Display Equations}
+A numbered display equation -- one set off by vertical space
+from the text and centered horizontally -- is produced
+by the \textbf{equation} environment. An unnumbered display
+equation is produced by the \textbf{displaymath} environment.
+
+Again, in either environment, you can use any of the symbols
+and structures available in \LaTeX; this section will just
+give a couple of examples of display equations in context.
+First, consider the equation, shown as an inline equation above:
+\begin{equation}\lim_{n\rightarrow \infty}x=0\end{equation}
+Notice how it is formatted somewhat differently in
+the \textbf{displaymath}
+environment.  Now, we'll enter an unnumbered equation:
+\begin{displaymath}\sum_{i=0}^{\infty} x + 1\end{displaymath}
+and follow it with another numbered equation:
+\begin{equation}\sum_{i=0}^{\infty}x_i=\int_{0}^{\pi+2} f\end{equation}
+just to demonstrate \LaTeX's able handling of numbering.
+
+\subsection{Citations}
+Citations to articles \cite{bowman:reasoning,
+clark:pct, braams:babel, herlihy:methodology},
+conference proceedings \cite{clark:pct} or
+books \cite{salas:calculus, Lamport:LaTeX} listed
+in the Bibliography section of your
+article will occur throughout the text of your article.
+You should use BibTeX to automatically produce this bibliography;
+you simply need to insert one of several citation commands with
+a key of the item cited in the proper location in
+the \texttt{.tex} file \cite{Lamport:LaTeX}.
+The key is a short reference you invent to uniquely
+identify each work; in this sample document, the key is
+the first author's surname and a
+word from the title.  This identifying key is included
+with each item in the \texttt{.bib} file for your article.
+
+The details of the construction of the \texttt{.bib} file
+are beyond the scope of this sample document, but more
+information can be found in the \textit{Author's Guide},
+and exhaustive details in the \textit{\LaTeX\ User's
+Guide}\cite{Lamport:LaTeX}.
+
+This article shows only the plainest form
+of the citation command, using \texttt{{\char'134}cite}.
+This is what is stipulated in the SIGS style specifications.
+No other citation format is endorsed or supported.
+
+\subsection{Tables}
+Because tables cannot be split across pages, the best
+placement for them is typically the top of the page
+nearest their initial cite.  To
+ensure this proper ``floating'' placement of tables, use the
+environment \textbf{table} to enclose the table's contents and
+the table caption.  The contents of the table itself must go
+in the \textbf{tabular} environment, to
+be aligned properly in rows and columns, with the desired
+horizontal and vertical rules.  Again, detailed instructions
+on \textbf{tabular} material
+is found in the \textit{\LaTeX\ User's Guide}.
+
+Immediately following this sentence is the point at which
+Table 1 is included in the input file; compare the
+placement of the table here with the table in the printed
+dvi output of this document.
+
+\begin{table}
+\centering
+\caption{Frequency of Special Characters}
+\begin{tabular}{|c|c|l|} \hline
+Non-English or Math&Frequency&Comments\\ \hline
+\O & 1 in 1,000& For Swedish names\\ \hline
+$\pi$ & 1 in 5& Common in math\\ \hline
+\$ & 4 in 5 & Used in business\\ \hline
+$\Psi^2_1$ & 1 in 40,000& Unexplained usage\\
+\hline\end{tabular}
+\end{table}
+
+To set a wider table, which takes up the whole width of
+the page's live area, use the environment
+\textbf{table*} to enclose the table's contents and
+the table caption.  As with a single-column table, this wide
+table will ``float" to a location deemed more desirable.
+Immediately following this sentence is the point at which
+Table 2 is included in the input file; again, it is
+instructive to compare the placement of the
+table here with the table in the printed dvi
+output of this document.
+
+
+\begin{table*}
+\centering
+\caption{Some Typical Commands}
+\begin{tabular}{|c|c|l|} \hline
+Command&A Number&Comments\\ \hline
+\texttt{{\char'134}alignauthor} & 100& Author alignment\\ \hline
+\texttt{{\char'134}numberofauthors}& 200& Author enumeration\\ \hline
+\texttt{{\char'134}table}& 300 & For tables\\ \hline
+\texttt{{\char'134}table*}& 400& For wider tables\\ \hline\end{tabular}
+\end{table*}
+% end the environment with {table*}, NOTE not {table}!
+
+\subsection{Figures}
+Like tables, figures cannot be split across pages; the
+best placement for them
+is typically the top or the bottom of the page nearest
+their initial cite.  To ensure this proper ``floating'' placement
+of figures, use the environment
+\textbf{figure} to enclose the figure and its caption.
+
+This sample document contains examples of \textbf{.eps}
+and \textbf{.ps} files to be displayable with \LaTeX.  More
+details on each of these is found in the \textit{Author's Guide}.
+
+
+
+As was the case with tables, you may want a figure
+that spans two columns.  To do this, and still to
+ensure proper ``floating'' placement of tables, use the environment
+\textbf{figure*} to enclose the figure and its caption.
+and don't forget to end the environment with
+{figure*}, not {figure}!
+
+
+Note that either {\textbf{.ps}} or {\textbf{.eps}} formats are
+used; use
+the \texttt{{\char'134}epsfig} or \texttt{{\char'134}psfig}
+commands as appropriate for the different file types.
+
+Other common constructs that may occur in your article are
+the forms for logical constructs like theorems, axioms,
+corollaries and proofs.  There are
+two forms, one produced by the
+command \texttt{{\char'134}newtheorem} and the
+other by the command \texttt{{\char'134}newdef}; perhaps
+the clearest and easiest way to distinguish them is
+to compare the two in the output of this sample document:
+
+This uses the \textbf{theorem} environment, created by
+the\linebreak\texttt{{\char'134}newtheorem} command:
+\newtheorem{theorem}{Theorem}
+\begin{theorem}
+Let $f$ be continuous on $[a,b]$.  If $G$ is
+an antiderivative for $f$ on $[a,b]$, then
+\begin{displaymath}\int^b_af(t)dt = G(b) - G(a).\end{displaymath}
+\end{theorem}
+
+The other uses the \textbf{definition} environment, created
+by the \texttt{{\char'134}newdef} command:
+\newdef{definition}{Definition}
+\begin{definition}
+If $z$ is irrational, then by $e^z$ we mean the
+unique number which has
+logarithm $z$: \begin{displaymath}{\log e^z = z}\end{displaymath}
+\end{definition}
+
+Two lists of constructs that use one of these
+forms is given in the
+\textit{Author's  Guidelines}.
+ 
+There is one other similar construct environment, which is
+already set up
+for you; i.e. you must \textit{not} use
+a \texttt{{\char'134}newdef} command to
+create it: the \textbf{proof} environment.  Here
+is a example of its use:
+\begin{proof}
+Suppose on the contrary there exists a real number $L$ such that
+\begin{displaymath}
+\lim_{x\rightarrow\infty} \frac{f(x)}{g(x)} = L.
+\end{displaymath}
+Then
+\begin{displaymath}
+l=\lim_{x\rightarrow c} f(x)
+= \lim_{x\rightarrow c}
+\left[ g{x} \cdot \frac{f(x)}{g(x)} \right ]
+= \lim_{x\rightarrow c} g(x) \cdot \lim_{x\rightarrow c}
+\frac{f(x)}{g(x)} = 0\cdot L = 0,
+\end{displaymath}
+which contradicts our assumption that $l\neq 0$.
+\end{proof}
+
+Complete rules about using these environments and using the
+two different creation commands are in the
+\textit{Author's Guide}; please consult it for more
+detailed instructions.  If you need to use another construct,
+not listed therein, which you want to have the same
+formatting as the Theorem
+or the Definition\cite{salas:calculus} shown above,
+use the \texttt{{\char'134}newtheorem} or the
+\texttt{{\char'134}newdef} command,
+respectively, to create it.
+
+\subsection*{A {\secit Caveat} for the \TeX\ Expert}
+Because you have just been given permission to
+use the \texttt{{\char'134}newdef} command to create a
+new form, you might think you can
+use \TeX's \texttt{{\char'134}def} to create a
+new command: \textit{Please refrain from doing this!}
+Remember that your \LaTeX\ source code is primarily intended
+to create camera-ready copy, but may be converted
+to other forms -- e.g. HTML. If you inadvertently omit
+some or all of the \texttt{{\char'134}def}s recompilation will
+be, to say the least, problematic.
+
+\section{Conclusions}
+This paragraph will end the body of this sample document.
+Remember that you might still have Acknowledgments or
+Appendices; brief samples of these
+follow.  There is still the Bibliography to deal with; and
+we will make a disclaimer about that here: with the exception
+of the reference to the \LaTeX\ book, the citations in
+this paper are to articles which have nothing to
+do with the present subject and are used as
+examples only.
+%\end{document}  % This is where a 'short' article might terminate
+
+%ACKNOWLEDGMENTS are optional
+\section{Acknowledgments}
+This section is optional; it is a location for you
+to acknowledge grants, funding, editing assistance and
+what have you.  In the present case, for example, the
+authors would like to thank Gerald Murray of ACM for
+his help in codifying this \textit{Author's Guide}
+and the \textbf{.cls} and \textbf{.tex} files that it describes.
+
+%
+% The following two commands are all you need in the
+% initial runs of your .tex file to
+% produce the bibliography for the citations in your paper.
+\bibliographystyle{abbrv}
+\bibliography{sigproc}  % sigproc.bib is the name of the Bibliography in this case
+% You must have a proper ".bib" file
+%  and remember to run:
+% latex bibtex latex latex
+% to resolve all references
+%
+% ACM needs 'a single self-contained file'!
+%
+%APPENDICES are optional
+%\balancecolumns
+\appendix
+%Appendix A
+\section{Headings in Appendices}
+The rules about hierarchical headings discussed above for
+the body of the article are different in the appendices.
+In the \textbf{appendix} environment, the command
+\textbf{section} is used to
+indicate the start of each Appendix, with alphabetic order
+designation (i.e. the first is A, the second B, etc.) and
+a title (if you include one).  So, if you need
+hierarchical structure
+\textit{within} an Appendix, start with \textbf{subsection} as the
+highest level. Here is an outline of the body of this
+document in Appendix-appropriate form:
+\subsection{Introduction}
+\subsection{The Body of the Paper}
+\subsubsection{Type Changes and  Special Characters}
+\subsubsection{Math Equations}
+\paragraph{Inline (In-text) Equations}
+\paragraph{Display Equations}
+\subsubsection{Citations}
+\subsubsection{Tables}
+\subsubsection{Figures}
+\subsubsection{Theorem-like Constructs}
+\subsubsection*{A Caveat for the \TeX\ Expert}
+\subsection{Conclusions}
+\subsection{Acknowledgments}
+\subsection{Additional Authors}
+This section is inserted by \LaTeX; you do not insert it.
+You just add the names and information in the
+\texttt{{\char'134}additionalauthors} command at the start
+of the document.
+\subsection{References}
+Generated by bibtex from your ~.bib file.  Run latex,
+then bibtex, then latex twice (to resolve references)
+to create the ~.bbl file.  Insert that ~.bbl file into
+the .tex source file and comment out
+the command \texttt{{\char'134}thebibliography}.
+% This next section command marks the start of
+% Appendix B, and does not continue the present hierarchy
+\section{More Help for the Hardy}
+The sig-alternate.cls file itself is chock-full of succinct
+and helpful comments.  If you consider yourself a moderately
+experienced to expert user of \LaTeX, you may find reading
+it useful but please remember not to change it.
+%\balancecolumns % GM June 2007
+% That's all folks!
+\end{document}
-- 
cgit v1.2.3-70-g09d2

