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+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+%%%%%%%% ICML 2015 EXAMPLE LATEX SUBMISSION FILE %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+
+% Use the following line _only_ if you're still using LaTeX 2.09.
+%\documentstyle[icml2015,epsf,natbib]{article}
+% If you rely on Latex2e packages, like most moden people use this:
+\documentclass{article}
+
+% use Times
+\usepackage{times}
+% For figures
+\usepackage{graphicx} % more modern
+%\usepackage{epsfig} % less modern
+\usepackage{subfigure} 
+
+% For citations
+\usepackage{natbib}
+
+% For algorithms
+\usepackage{algorithm}
+\usepackage{algorithmic}
+
+% As of 2011, we use the hyperref package to produce hyperlinks in the
+% resulting PDF.  If this breaks your system, please commend out the
+% following usepackage line and replace \usepackage{icml2015} with
+% \usepackage[nohyperref]{icml2015} above.
+\usepackage{hyperref}
+
+% Packages hyperref and algorithmic misbehave sometimes.  We can fix
+% this with the following command.
+\newcommand{\theHalgorithm}{\arabic{algorithm}}
+
+% Employ the following version of the ``usepackage'' statement for
+% submitting the draft version of the paper for review.  This will set
+% the note in the first column to ``Under review.  Do not distribute.''
+\usepackage{icml2015} 
+
+% Employ this version of the ``usepackage'' statement after the paper has
+% been accepted, when creating the final version.  This will set the
+% note in the first column to ``Proceedings of the...''
+%\usepackage[accepted]{icml2015}
+
+
+% The \icmltitle you define below is probably too long as a header.
+% Therefore, a short form for the running title is supplied here:
+\icmltitlerunning{Submission and Formatting Instructions for ICML 2015}
+
+\begin{document} 
+
+\twocolumn[
+\icmltitle{Submission and Formatting Instructions for \\ 
+           International Conference on Machine Learning (ICML 2015)}
+
+% It is OKAY to include author information, even for blind
+% submissions: the style file will automatically remove it for you
+% unless you've provided the [accepted] option to the icml2015
+% package.
+\icmlauthor{Your Name}{email@yourdomain.edu}
+\icmladdress{Your Fantastic Institute,
+            314159 Pi St., Palo Alto, CA 94306 USA}
+\icmlauthor{Your CoAuthor's Name}{email@coauthordomain.edu}
+\icmladdress{Their Fantastic Institute,
+            27182 Exp St., Toronto, ON M6H 2T1 CANADA}
+
+% You may provide any keywords that you 
+% find helpful for describing your paper; these are used to populate 
+% the "keywords" metadata in the PDF but will not be shown in the document
+\icmlkeywords{boring formatting information, machine learning, ICML}
+
+\vskip 0.3in
+]
+
+\begin{abstract} 
+The purpose of this document is to provide both the basic paper template and
+submission guidelines.
+\end{abstract} 
+
+\section{Electronic Submission}
+\label{submission}
+
+Submission to ICML 2015 will be entirely electronic, via a web site
+(not email).  Information about the submission process and \LaTeX\ templates
+are available on the conference web site at:
+\begin{center}
+\textbf{\texttt{http://icml.cc/2015/}}
+\end{center}
+Send questions about submission and electronic templates to
+\texttt{program@icml.cc}.
+
+The guidelines below will be enforced for initial submissions and
+camera-ready copies.  Here is a brief summary:
+\begin{itemize}
+\item Submissions must be in PDF.
+\item The maximum paper length is \textbf{8 pages excluding references, and 10 pages
+  including references} (pages 9 and 10 must contain only references).
+\item Do \textbf{not include author information or acknowledgments} in your initial
+submission. 
+\item Your paper should be in \textbf{10 point Times font}.
+\item Make sure your PDF file only uses Type-1 fonts.
+\item Place figure captions {\em under} the figure (and omit titles from inside
+the graphic file itself).  Place table captions {\em over} the table.
+\item References must include page numbers whenever possible and be as complete
+as possible.  Place multiple citations in chronological order.  
+\item Do not alter the style template; in particular, do not compress the paper
+format by reducing the vertical spaces.
+\end{itemize}
+
+\subsection{Submitting Papers}
+
+{\bf Paper Deadline:} The deadline for paper submission to ICML 2015
+is at \textbf{23:59 Universal Time (3:59 Pacific Daylight Time) on February 6, 2015}.
+If your full submission does not reach us by this time, it will 
+not be considered for publication. There is no separate abstract submission.
+
+{\bf Anonymous Submission:} To facilitate blind review, no identifying
+author information should appear on the title page or in the paper
+itself.  Section~\ref{author info} will explain the details of how to
+format this.
+
+{\bf Simultaneous Submission:} ICML will not accept any paper which,
+at the time of submission, is under review for another conference or
+has already been published. This policy also applies to papers that
+overlap substantially in technical content with conference papers
+under review or previously published. ICML submissions must not be
+submitted to other conferences during ICML's review period. Authors
+may submit to ICML substantially different versions of journal papers
+that are currently under review by the journal, but not yet accepted
+at the time of submission. Informal publications, such as technical
+reports or papers in workshop proceedings which do not appear in
+print, do not fall under these restrictions.
+
+\medskip
+
+To ensure our ability to print submissions, authors must provide their
+manuscripts in \textbf{PDF} format.  Furthermore, please make sure
+that files contain only Type-1 fonts (e.g.,~using the program {\tt
+  pdffonts} in linux or using File/DocumentProperties/Fonts in
+Acrobat).  Other fonts (like Type-3) might come from graphics files
+imported into the document.
+
+Authors using \textbf{Word} must convert their document to PDF.  Most
+of the latest versions of Word have the facility to do this
+automatically.  Submissions will not be accepted in Word format or any
+format other than PDF. Really. We're not joking. Don't send Word.
+
+Those who use \textbf{\LaTeX} to format their accepted papers need to pay close
+attention to the typefaces used.  Specifically, when producing the PDF by first
+converting the dvi output of \LaTeX\ to Postscript the default behavior is to
+use non-scalable Type-3 PostScript bitmap fonts to represent the standard
+\LaTeX\ fonts. The resulting document is difficult to read in electronic form;
+the type appears fuzzy. To avoid this problem, dvips must be instructed to use
+an alternative font map.  This can be achieved with the following two commands:
+
+{\footnotesize
+\begin{verbatim}
+dvips -Ppdf -tletter -G0 -o paper.ps paper.dvi
+ps2pdf paper.ps
+\end{verbatim}}
+Note that it is a zero following the ``-G''.  This tells dvips to use
+the config.pdf file (and this file refers to a better font mapping).
+
+A better alternative is to use the \textbf{pdflatex} program instead of
+straight \LaTeX. This program avoids the Type-3 font problem, however you must
+ensure that all of the fonts are embedded (use {\tt pdffonts}). If they are
+not, you need to configure pdflatex to use a font map file that specifies that
+the fonts be embedded. Also you should ensure that images are not downsampled
+or otherwise compressed in a lossy way.
+
+Note that the 2015 style files use the {\tt hyperref} package to
+make clickable links in documents.  If this causes problems for you,
+add {\tt nohyperref} as one of the options to the {\tt icml2015}
+usepackage statement.
+
+\subsection{Reacting to Reviews}
+
+We will continue the ICML tradition in which the authors are given the
+option of providing a short reaction to the initial reviews. These
+reactions will be taken into account in the discussion among the
+reviewers and area chairs.
+
+\subsection{Submitting Final Camera-Ready Copy}
+
+The final versions of papers accepted for publication should follow the
+same format and naming convention as initial submissions, except of
+course that the normal author information (names and affiliations)
+should be given.  See Section~\ref{final author} for details of how to
+format this.
+
+The footnote, ``Preliminary work.  Under review by the International
+Conference on Machine Learning (ICML).  Do not distribute.'' must be
+modified to ``\textit{Proceedings of the
+$\mathit{31}^{st}$ International Conference on Machine Learning},
+Lille, France, 2015.  JMLR: W\&CP volume 37. 
+Copyright 2015 by the author(s).''
+
+For those using the \textbf{\LaTeX} style file, simply change
+$\mathtt{\backslash usepackage\{icml2015\}}$ to 
+
+$$\mathtt{\backslash usepackage[accepted]\{icml2015\}}$$
+
+\noindent
+Authors using \textbf{Word} must edit the
+footnote on the first page of the document themselves.
+
+Camera-ready copies should have the title of the paper as running head
+on each page except the first one.  The running title consists of a
+single line centered above a horizontal rule which is $1$ point thick.
+The running head should be centered, bold and in $9$ point type.  The
+rule should be $10$ points above the main text.  For those using the
+\textbf{\LaTeX} style file, the original title is automatically set as running
+head using the {\tt fancyhdr} package which is included in the ICML
+2015 style file package.  In case that the original title exceeds the
+size restrictions, a shorter form can be supplied by using
+
+\verb|\icmltitlerunning{...}|
+
+just before $\mathtt{\backslash begin\{document\}}$.
+Authors using \textbf{Word} must edit the header of the document themselves.
+
+\section{Format of the Paper} 
+ 
+All submissions must follow the same format to ensure the printer can
+reproduce them without problems and to let readers more easily find
+the information that they desire.
+
+\subsection{Length and Dimensions}
+
+Papers must not exceed eight (8) pages, including all figures, tables,
+and appendices, but excluding references. When references are included,
+the paper must not exceed ten (10) pages. Any submission that exceeds 
+this page limit or that diverges significantly from the format specified 
+herein will be rejected without review.
+
+The text of the paper should be formatted in two columns, with an
+overall width of 6.75 inches, height of 9.0 inches, and 0.25 inches
+between the columns. The left margin should be 0.75 inches and the top
+margin 1.0 inch (2.54~cm). The right and bottom margins will depend on
+whether you print on US letter or A4 paper, but all final versions
+must be produced for US letter size.
+
+The paper body should be set in 10~point type with a vertical spacing
+of 11~points. Please use Times typeface throughout the text.
+
+\subsection{Title}
+
+The paper title should be set in 14~point bold type and centered
+between two horizontal rules that are 1~point thick, with 1.0~inch
+between the top rule and the top edge of the page. Capitalize the
+first letter of content words and put the rest of the title in lower
+case.
+
+\subsection{Author Information for Submission}
+\label{author info}
+
+To facilitate blind review, author information must not appear.  If
+you are using \LaTeX\/ and the \texttt{icml2015.sty} file, you may use
+\verb+\icmlauthor{...}+ to specify authors.  The author information
+will simply not be printed until {\tt accepted} is an argument to the
+style file. Submissions that include the author information will not
+be reviewed.
+
+\subsubsection{Self-Citations}
+
+If your are citing published papers for which you are an author, refer
+to yourself in the third person. In particular, do not use phrases
+that reveal your identity (e.g., ``in previous work \cite{langley00}, we 
+have shown \ldots'').
+
+Do not anonymize citations in the reference section by removing or
+blacking out author names. The only exception are manuscripts that are
+not yet published (e.g. under submission). If you choose to refer to
+such unpublished manuscripts \cite{anonymous}, anonymized copies have 
+to be submitted
+as Supplementary Material via CMT. However, keep in mind that an ICML
+paper should be self contained and should contain sufficient detail
+for the reviewers to evaluate the work. In particular, reviewers are
+not required to look a the Supplementary Material when writing their
+review.
+
+\subsubsection{Camera-Ready Author Information}
+\label{final author}
+
+If a paper is accepted, a final camera-ready copy must be prepared.
+%
+For camera-ready papers, author information should start 0.3~inches
+below the bottom rule surrounding the title. The authors' names should
+appear in 10~point bold type, electronic mail addresses in 10~point
+small capitals, and physical addresses in ordinary 10~point type.
+Each author's name should be flush left, whereas the email address
+should be flush right on the same line. The author's physical address
+should appear flush left on the ensuing line, on a single line if
+possible. If successive authors have the same affiliation, then give
+their physical address only once.
+
+A sample file (in PDF) with author names is included in the ICML2015 
+style file package.
+
+\subsection{Abstract}
+
+The paper abstract should begin in the left column, 0.4~inches below
+the final address. The heading `Abstract' should be centered, bold,
+and in 11~point type. The abstract body should use 10~point type, with
+a vertical spacing of 11~points, and should be indented 0.25~inches
+more than normal on left-hand and right-hand margins. Insert
+0.4~inches of blank space after the body. Keep your abstract brief and 
+self-contained,
+limiting it to one paragraph and no more than six or seven sentences.
+
+\subsection{Partitioning the Text} 
+
+You should organize your paper into sections and paragraphs to help
+readers place a structure on the material and understand its
+contributions.
+
+\subsubsection{Sections and Subsections}
+
+Section headings should be numbered, flush left, and set in 11~pt bold
+type with the content words capitalized. Leave 0.25~inches of space
+before the heading and 0.15~inches after the heading.
+
+Similarly, subsection headings should be numbered, flush left, and set
+in 10~pt bold type with the content words capitalized. Leave
+0.2~inches of space before the heading and 0.13~inches afterward.
+
+Finally, subsubsection headings should be numbered, flush left, and
+set in 10~pt small caps with the content words capitalized. Leave
+0.18~inches of space before the heading and 0.1~inches after the
+heading. 
+
+Please use no more than three levels of headings.
+
+\subsubsection{Paragraphs and Footnotes}
+
+Within each section or subsection, you should further partition the
+paper into paragraphs. Do not indent the first line of a given
+paragraph, but insert a blank line between succeeding ones.
+ 
+You can use footnotes\footnote{For the sake of readability, footnotes
+should be complete sentences.} to provide readers with additional
+information about a topic without interrupting the flow of the paper. 
+Indicate footnotes with a number in the text where the point is most
+relevant. Place the footnote in 9~point type at the bottom of the
+column in which it appears. Precede the first footnote in a column
+with a horizontal rule of 0.8~inches.\footnote{Multiple footnotes can
+appear in each column, in the same order as they appear in the text,
+but spread them across columns and pages if possible.}
+
+\begin{figure}[ht]
+\vskip 0.2in
+\begin{center}
+\centerline{\includegraphics[width=\columnwidth]{icml_numpapers}}
+\caption{Historical locations and number of accepted papers for International
+  Machine Learning Conferences (ICML 1993 -- ICML 2008) and
+  International Workshops on Machine Learning (ML 1988 -- ML
+  1992). At the time this figure was produced, the number of
+  accepted papers for ICML 2008 was unknown and instead estimated.}
+\label{icml-historical}
+\end{center}
+\vskip -0.2in
+\end{figure} 
+
+\subsection{Figures}
+ 
+You may want to include figures in the paper to help readers visualize
+your approach and your results. Such artwork should be centered,
+legible, and separated from the text. Lines should be dark and at
+least 0.5~points thick for purposes of reproduction, and text should
+not appear on a gray background.
+
+Label all distinct components of each figure. If the figure takes the
+form of a graph, then give a name for each axis and include a legend
+that briefly describes each curve. Do not include a title inside the
+figure; instead, the caption should serve this function.
+
+Number figures sequentially, placing the figure number and caption
+{\it after\/} the graphics, with at least 0.1~inches of space before
+the caption and 0.1~inches after it, as in
+Figure~\ref{icml-historical}.  The figure caption should be set in
+9~point type and centered unless it runs two or more lines, in which
+case it should be flush left.  You may float figures to the top or
+bottom of a column, and you may set wide figures across both columns
+(use the environment {\tt figure*} in \LaTeX), but always place
+two-column figures at the top or bottom of the page.
+
+\subsection{Algorithms}
+
+If you are using \LaTeX, please use the ``algorithm'' and ``algorithmic'' 
+environments to format pseudocode. These require 
+the corresponding stylefiles, algorithm.sty and 
+algorithmic.sty, which are supplied with this package. 
+Algorithm~\ref{alg:example} shows an example. 
+
+\begin{algorithm}[tb]
+   \caption{Bubble Sort}
+   \label{alg:example}
+\begin{algorithmic}
+   \STATE {\bfseries Input:} data $x_i$, size $m$
+   \REPEAT
+   \STATE Initialize $noChange = true$.
+   \FOR{$i=1$ {\bfseries to} $m-1$}
+   \IF{$x_i > x_{i+1}$} 
+   \STATE Swap $x_i$ and $x_{i+1}$
+   \STATE $noChange = false$
+   \ENDIF
+   \ENDFOR
+   \UNTIL{$noChange$ is $true$}
+\end{algorithmic}
+\end{algorithm}
+ 
+\subsection{Tables} 
+ 
+You may also want to include tables that summarize material. Like 
+figures, these should be centered, legible, and numbered consecutively. 
+However, place the title {\it above\/} the table with at least 
+0.1~inches of space before the title and the same after it, as in 
+Table~\ref{sample-table}. The table title should be set in 9~point 
+type and centered unless it runs two or more lines, in which case it
+should be flush left.
+
+% Note use of \abovespace and \belowspace to get reasonable spacing 
+% above and below tabular lines. 
+
+\begin{table}[t]
+\caption{Classification accuracies for naive Bayes and flexible 
+Bayes on various data sets.}
+\label{sample-table}
+\vskip 0.15in
+\begin{center}
+\begin{small}
+\begin{sc}
+\begin{tabular}{lcccr}
+\hline
+\abovespace\belowspace
+Data set & Naive & Flexible & Better? \\
+\hline
+\abovespace
+Breast    & 95.9$\pm$ 0.2& 96.7$\pm$ 0.2& $\surd$ \\
+Cleveland & 83.3$\pm$ 0.6& 80.0$\pm$ 0.6& $\times$\\
+Glass2    & 61.9$\pm$ 1.4& 83.8$\pm$ 0.7& $\surd$ \\
+Credit    & 74.8$\pm$ 0.5& 78.3$\pm$ 0.6&         \\
+Horse     & 73.3$\pm$ 0.9& 69.7$\pm$ 1.0& $\times$\\
+Meta      & 67.1$\pm$ 0.6& 76.5$\pm$ 0.5& $\surd$ \\
+Pima      & 75.1$\pm$ 0.6& 73.9$\pm$ 0.5&         \\
+\belowspace
+Vehicle   & 44.9$\pm$ 0.6& 61.5$\pm$ 0.4& $\surd$ \\
+\hline
+\end{tabular}
+\end{sc}
+\end{small}
+\end{center}
+\vskip -0.1in
+\end{table}
+
+Tables contain textual material that can be typeset, as contrasted 
+with figures, which contain graphical material that must be drawn. 
+Specify the contents of each row and column in the table's topmost
+row. Again, you may float tables to a column's top or bottom, and set
+wide tables across both columns, but place two-column tables at the
+top or bottom of the page.
+ 
+\subsection{Citations and References} 
+
+Please use APA reference format regardless of your formatter
+or word processor. If you rely on the \LaTeX\/ bibliographic 
+facility, use {\tt natbib.sty} and {\tt icml2015.bst} 
+included in the style-file package to obtain this format.
+
+Citations within the text should include the authors' last names and
+year. If the authors' names are included in the sentence, place only
+the year in parentheses, for example when referencing Arthur Samuel's
+pioneering work \yrcite{Samuel59}. Otherwise place the entire
+reference in parentheses with the authors and year separated by a
+comma \cite{Samuel59}. List multiple references separated by
+semicolons \cite{kearns89,Samuel59,mitchell80}. Use the `et~al.'
+construct only for citations with three or more authors or after
+listing all authors to a publication in an earlier reference \cite{MachineLearningI}.
+
+Authors should cite their own work in the third person
+in the initial version of their paper submitted for blind review.
+Please refer to Section~\ref{author info} for detailed instructions on how to
+cite your own papers.
+
+Use an unnumbered first-level section heading for the references, and 
+use a hanging indent style, with the first line of the reference flush
+against the left margin and subsequent lines indented by 10 points. 
+The references at the end of this document give examples for journal
+articles \cite{Samuel59}, conference publications \cite{langley00}, book chapters \cite{Newell81}, books \cite{DudaHart2nd}, edited volumes \cite{MachineLearningI}, 
+technical reports \cite{mitchell80}, and dissertations \cite{kearns89}. 
+
+Alphabetize references by the surnames of the first authors, with
+single author entries preceding multiple author entries. Order
+references for the same authors by year of publication, with the
+earliest first. Make sure that each reference includes all relevant
+information (e.g., page numbers).
+
+\subsection{Software and Data}
+
+We strongly encourage the publication of software and data with the
+camera-ready version of the paper whenever appropriate.  This can be
+done by including a URL in the camera-ready copy.  However, do not
+include URLs that reveal your institution or identity in your
+submission for review.  Instead, provide an anonymous URL or upload
+the material as ``Supplementary Material'' into the CMT reviewing
+system.  Note that reviewers are not required to look a this material
+when writing their review.
+
+
+% Acknowledgements should only appear in the accepted version. 
+\section*{Acknowledgments} 
+ 
+\textbf{Do not} include acknowledgements in the initial version of
+the paper submitted for blind review.
+
+If a paper is accepted, the final camera-ready version can (and
+probably should) include acknowledgements. In this case, please
+place such acknowledgements in an unnumbered section at the
+end of the paper. Typically, this will include thanks to reviewers
+who gave useful comments, to colleagues who contributed to the ideas, 
+and to funding agencies and corporate sponsors that provided financial 
+support.  
+
+
+% In the unusual situation where you want a paper to appear in the
+% references without citing it in the main text, use \nocite
+\nocite{langley00}
+
+\bibliography{example_paper}
+\bibliographystyle{icml2015}
+
+\end{document} 
+
+
+% This document was modified from the file originally made available by
+% Pat Langley and Andrea Danyluk for ICML-2K. This version was
+% created by Lise Getoor and Tobias Scheffer, it was slightly modified  
+% from the 2010 version by Thorsten Joachims & Johannes Fuernkranz, 
+% slightly modified from the 2009 version by Kiri Wagstaff and 
+% Sam Roweis's 2008 version, which is slightly modified from 
+% Prasad Tadepalli's 2007 version which is a lightly 
+% changed version of the previous year's version by Andrew Moore, 
+% which was in turn edited from those of Kristian Kersting and 
+% Codrina Lauth. Alex Smola contributed to the algorithmic style files.